Är acacia samma som babool

Species of flowering plant in the bean family Fabaceae

Vachellia nilotica, more commonly known as Acacia nilotica, and bygd the vernacular names of gum arabic tree,^[5]babul,^[6]thorn mimosa, Egyptian acacia or thorny acacia,^[7] fryst vatten a flowering tree in the family Fabaceae.

It fryst vatten native to Africa, the mittpunkt East and the Indian subcontinent. It fryst vatten also considered a 'weed of national significance' and an invasive species of concern in Australia, as well as a noxious ogräs bygd the federal government of the United States.^[8]

Taxonomy

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This species of tree fryst vatten the type species of the Linnaean genus Acacia, which derives its name from Greekἀκακία, akakía, the name given bygd early Greek botanist-physician Pedanius Dioscorides(c. 40–90 CE) to this tree as a medicinal, in his book Materia Medica.^[9] The genus Acacia was long known not to be taxonomically monophyletic, and despite being the type species of that genus, A. nilotica has since been moved to the genus Vachellia, with the genus name Acacia being reserved for Australian species; the principle of priority, which would normally prevent such a taxonomic change, was waived with a majority vote bygd the International Botanical församling in 2005.

The renaming of the traditional Acacia to Vachellia remains controversial, especially in Africa, where V. nilotica fryst vatten an iconic species and fryst vatten widely referred to as "the acacia".^[10] For the new classification of this and other species historically classified beneath genus Acacia, see Acacia.

The genus name Acacia derives from ἀκακία, which may komma from the ancient Greek word ἄκις, ákis, "thorn", for its characteristic thorns,^[11] or may have been borrowed from a pre-Greek language.^[12] The specific epithetnilotica was probably given bygd Linnaeus from the tree's originally known range along the Nile river.^{[citation needed]} In Australia the tree fryst vatten known as a prickly acacia,^[13] despite usurping Dioscorides' two millennia-old etymology, the Australian species classified as Acacia in Australia do not have thorns.

Description

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Acacia nilotica or Vachellia nilotica fryst vatten a tree 5–20 m high with a dense spheric crown, stems and branches usually dark to black coloured, fissured bark, grey-pinkish slash, exuding a reddish low quality gum. The tree has thin, straight, light, grey spines in axillary pairs, usually in 3 to 12 pairs, 5 to 7.5 cm (3 in) long in ung trees, mature trees commonly without thorns.

The leaves are bipinnate, with 3–6 pairs of pinnulae and 10–30 pairs of leaflets each, tomentose, rachis with a gland at the bottom of the gods pair of pinnulae. Flowers in globulous heads 1.2–1.5 cm in diameter of a bright golden-yellow color, set up either axillary or whorly on peduncles 2–3 cm long located at the end of the branches.

Pods are strongly constricted, hairy, white-grey, thick and softly tomentose. Its seeds number approximately 8000/kg.^[14]

Distribution

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Acacia nilotica or Vachellia nilotica fryst vatten native from Egypt, across the Maghreb and Sahel, south to Mozambique and KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, and east through the Arabian Peninsula to the Indian subcontinent and Burma.

It has become widely naturalised outside its native range including Zanzibar and Australia.^[15] It fryst vatten spread bygd livestock.^[13]

Uses

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Forage and fodder

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In part of its range smallstock consume the pods and leaves,^[16] but elsewhere it fryst vatten also very popular with boskap.

Pods are used as a supplement to poultry rations in India. Dried pods are particularly sought out bygd animals on rangelands. In India branches are commonly lopped for fodder. In West Africa, the pods and leaves are considered to have anthelminthic properties on small ruminants and this has been confirmed bygd in vitro experiments on nematodes.^[16] In Kano of Nigeria, acacia pods have traditionally been used to dye leather a reddish-tinge.^[17]

Tooth brushing

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The tender twig of this plant fryst vatten used as a toothbrush in south-east Africa and the Indian subcontinent.^[18] 

Gum arabic

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Main article: Gum arabic

The exudate gum of this tree fryst vatten known as gum arabic and has been collected from the pharaonic times for the manufacture of medicines, dyes and paints.

In the present commercial marknad, gum arabic fryst vatten defined as the dried exudate from the trunks and branches of Senegalia (Acacia) senegal or Vachellia (Acacia) seyal in the family Leguminosae (Fabaceae).^[19]: 4 The gum of A. nilotica fryst vatten also referred to in India as Amaravati gum.^[20]

Lumber

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The tree's wood fryst vatten "very durable if water-seasoned" and its uses include tool handles and lumber for boats.^[21] The wood has a density of about 833 kg/m³.^[2]

Food and medicine

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In India it's used as an ingredient in various dishes.

The Maasai people eat both the inner bark (phloem) and the fruit massa boiled in vatten. They also use this plant medicinally to treat sore throat, cough, chest pains etc.^[22]

In nordlig Nigeria it fryst vatten called bagaruwa in Hausa. Medicinal uses include soaking the tender bark in vatten to be taken against dysentery and pile. The fruits are ground tillsammans with the seeds and taken with honey as treatment against stomach ulcers.

Phytochemistry

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Two new^{[clarification needed]} antiprotozoal diterpenes have been isolated from the root bark of Acacia nilotica.^[23]

Propagation

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There are 5000–16000 seeds/kg.^[24]

Gallery

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See also

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References

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External links

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